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- Aural Tradition – songs passed down through generations – changed over time
- Binary Form, sections repeated – AABB
- Repeated end notes
- Gapped Scales and often Modal
- Monophonic – No harmony although sometimes a drone is added or Solo – Unaccompanied
- Unison playing, no intros or ensemble playing
- Ornamentation – melisma, cuts, variation, rolls
- Flattened 7th
- Instrumentation: Tin whistle, low whistle, trad flute, concertina, button accordian, uillean pipes, fiddle, harp, bodhran
- Sometimes bouzouki, banjo, piano, guitar <<<<these were added later, not strictly traditional
- No dynamics
- Songs are usually as Gaeilge
